In the non-scientific (and partly also in the scientific) imagination, the past is supposed to be „determined“ in the sense of unchangeable. But the future is supposed to be indeterminate in the sense of unchangeable. While it is impossible to change the past, it should be possible for people to choose from various „futures“ (a term that, excitingly enough, does not exist!) the one they… Weiterlesen »Freedom of Will: Determinism and Indeterminism
Body-soul dualism or „interactionist substance dualism“ probably has its roots in ancient Greece, but today it is mainly attributed to René Descartes (1596-1650). It refers to the so-called body-soul problem or, from today’s perspective, probably more correctly the body-mind problem. Basically, it is about the fact that body and mind seem to be fundamentally of a different kind. The body is clearly part of the… Weiterlesen »Body Soul Dualism
For a detailed explanation of what the Munchausen Trilemma is all about, see Wikipedia article; Article by Michael Schmidt-Salomon. The so-called Munchausen Trilemma states that every statement and thus every assured knowledge is strictly speaking impossible, since But since knowledge is justified true belief (definition of Plato), there can be no knowledge. The logic of this way of argumentation seems completely conclusive, the train of… Weiterlesen »Solution of the „Munchhausen Trilemma“
In the summer of 2022, a downright absurd dispute broke out at Humboldt University in Berlin. The university had disinvited a biologist doing her doctorate because, among other things, she wanted to lecture on the fact that there are exactly two sexes in humans. In forums, emotions ran high, nerves were on edge and it was suggested that this statement was controversial. Of course it… Weiterlesen »How many biological sexes are there in humans?
Quantum physics is a big topic in esotericism. Many esotericists are convinced that quantum physics can explain many esoteric phenomena that are inexplicable in a „natural“ way. This is definitely not the case, but it is noticeable that some interpretations of quantum physics themselves sound surprisingly esoteric. For example, some interpretations assume that contradictions really exist in the field of quantum phenomena (Schrödinger’s cat; Knapp: contradictions as… Weiterlesen »Quantum physics and esoterics
Without free will, many of our ideas around human accountability are wrong. It seems downright absurd to hold people responsible for their decisions and actions, even though they could not have decided otherwise, even though they were not free of will. Since in a determinism everything that happens was already fixed at the beginning of time, freedom of will in this sense cannot be compatible… Weiterlesen »Freedom of the will
To put it briefly: homeopathy cannot not be successful. Not not successful. Because the whole system is structured in such a way that successes are always attributed to homeopathy, but failures to circumstances outside of homeopathy. So within the system of homoeopathy it is not possible that homoeopathy does not work. If one leaves this system – it is obvious that it does not work,… Weiterlesen »Explanations for the „successes“ of homeopathy
The question of probability is of great importance above all because it could be a basis for deciding between determinism and indeterminism (determinism or indeterminism). If the probability of quantum mechanics can only be interpreted indeterministically, as many physicists believe, determinism is refuted. What is probability General Determinate probability Indeterminate probability Two ways to interpret quantum mechanics The fact that for individual quantum objects basically no more than… Weiterlesen »Probability